Ka'idarthermocouplema'aunin zafin jiki ya dogara ne akan tasirin thermoelectric. Haɗa madugu daban-daban guda biyu ko na'urori a cikin rufaffiyar madauki, lokacin da yanayin zafi a mahaɗin biyu ya bambanta, za a samar da yuwuwar thermoelectric a cikin madauki. Ana kiran wannan sabon abu da tasirin pyroelectric, wanda kuma aka sani da tasirin Seebeck.
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka samar a cikin rufaffiyar madauki ya ƙunshi nau'ikan ƙarfin lantarki guda biyu; thermoelectric m da lamba lamba. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana nufin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ƙarshen biyu na madugu ɗaya ke samarwa saboda yanayin zafi daban -daban. Direbobi daban -daban suna da ɗimbin lantarki daban -daban, don haka suna samar da damar wutar lantarki daban -daban. Damar tuntuɓar tana nufin lokacin da masu gudanar da ayyuka daban -daban guda biyu ke hulɗa.
Saboda yawan electron su ya banbanta, wani adadi na yaduwar wutar lantarki yana faruwa. Lokacin da suka kai ga wani ma'auni, yuwuwar da aka samar ta hanyar yuwuwar tuntuɓar ya dogara ne akan kayan kaddarorin masu gudanarwa daban-daban guda biyu da zazzabi na wuraren tuntuɓar su. A halin yanzu, dathermocouplesamfani da duniya suna da ma'auni. Thermocouples da aka tsara na duniya sun kasu kashi takwas daban-daban, wato B, R, S, K, N, E, J da T, waɗanda ke iya auna ƙarancin zafin jiki. Yana auna ma'aunin ma'aunin Celsius 270 a ƙasa da sifili, kuma yana iya kaiwa sama da digiri 1800 a ma'aunin celcius.
Daga cikinsu, B, R, da S suna cikin jerin platinum nathermocouples. Tun da platinum karfe ne mai daraja, ana kuma kiran su da ma'aunin ma'aunin zafi da sanyio mai daraja, sauran kuma ana kiransu da ma'aunin ma'aunin ma'aunin ƙarfe mai rahusa. Akwai nau'ikan tsarin thermocouple iri biyu, nau'in gama gari da nau'in sulke. Al'ada thermocouples gaba ɗaya hada da thermode, insulating tube, tabbatarwa hannun riga da junction akwatin, yayin da sulke thermocouple ne mai hade da thermocouple waya, rufi abu da karfe tabbatarwa hannun riga bayan taro, bayan ja A m hade kafa ta mikewa.
